Browsing by Author "Khafayat Olatinwo & Oluwadunsin Omotoso"

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    Analysing the Workings of ITSO and IMSO in Ensuring Equal Access to Space Exploitation
    (Department of Commercial and Property Law, Faculty of Law, Nnamdi Azikwe University, Akwa, Anambra State,, 2025-02-25) Khafayat Olatinwo & Oluwadunsin Omotoso
    The equitable exploitation of outer space has become a central preoccupation of international space law. Intergovernmental organisations such as the International Telecommunications Satellite Organisation (ITSO) and the International Mobile Satellite Organisation (IMSO) were created to translate the legal principles of equality, universality, and non-discrimination into practical mechanisms for global satellite communication. Drawing authority from the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (the Outer Space Treaty) and the Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (the Moon Agreement), both organisations exemplify cooperative approaches to the peaceful use of space for the benefit of all humankind. This article, by doctrinal approach, examines the operations of ITSO and IMSO in guaranteeing fair access to satellite technology, analyses their institutional achievements and operational challenges, and proposes legal and policy recommendations to enhance equitable participation by developing states. It argues that the mandates of both organisations remain vital to fulfilling Sustainable Development Goals 9 and 17, which emphasise innovation, infrastructure, and partnership. The study concludes that sustained multilateral collaboration, supported by an adaptive legal framework, is indispensable for ensuring that the benefits of outer-space exploitation are shared globally. Keywords: Organisation, Efforts, Equitable, Access. Space, Resources
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    SCOUTING THE OPTIONAL RULES FOR ARBITRATION OF DISPUTES RELATING TO OUTER SPACE: A ROAD TO AMENDMENT
    (Faculty of Law, University of Ilorin, 2025-12-26) Khafayat Olatinwo & Oluwadunsin Omotoso
    Abstract Outer space as the final frontier is a unique environment offering man different opportunities in life such as advancement in technology, medicine, telecommunication, military reconnaissance etc. thereby contributing to GDPs of many nations. Space regimes open room for exploitation for man to dwell privately, as country and jointly via international cooperation leading to viable commercial transactions on space utilities, exploration, exploitation and travels. Little wonder at the prospect of having hotels in space and commercial space travel where an individual can hop and go to space for recreational purpose. It will therefore be almost impossible for dispute not to arise where humans deal. And then again, the world has moved beyond litigation to alternative ways of resolving dispute and this can be said for space related disputes as well. The Outer Space Treaty 1967 makes general provision on the option of arbitrating space dispute without more. The Treaty, with the general provisions of the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules 2010 were mere guidance and specific. This lacuna brought about,the Optional Rules for Arbitration of Disputes Related to Outers Space 2011, a special regime with detailed substantive and procedural provisions on the arbitration of space disputes. This paper intends to explore some of these provisions for the adequacies or otherwise and proffer recommendation