Browsing by Author "K. O. Alabi"

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    Influence of Tillage Systems on Diversity and Abundance of Insect and Nematode Pests of Maize in Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria
    (Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research, 2018-10-30) I. A. Aderolu; O. O. Lawal; A. A. Wahab; K. O. Alabi; O. S. Osunlola; M. M. Giwa
    Corresponding author: Email: adeisma@yahoo.com; Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research 7(4): 1-11, 2018; Article no.AJAAR.44308 ISSN: 2456-8864 Influence of Tillage Systems on Diversity and Abundance of Insect and Nematode Pests of Maize in Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria I. A. Aderolu1*, O. O. Lawal1 , A. A. Wahab1 , K. O. Alabi1 , O. S. Osunlola1† and M. M. Giwa1 1 Department of Crop Production, Kwara State University, P.M.B. 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. Author IAA is a Crop Protectionist (Entomologist) who designed the study, performed the statistical analysis, managed the literature searches, wrote the protocol, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Author OOL is a Geneticist who suggested and aided in the procurement of the ten quality protein maize varieties (QPMVs) from International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). Author AAW is a Soil physicist who suggested the tillage practices used in the experiment. Author KOA is a Soil Paedologist, provided the map of the study area. Author OSO was a Nematologist who provided the expertise for collection of nematode data. Author MMG aided in the collection of data and data analysis, managed the analyses of the study, managed the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/AJAAR/2018/44308 Editor(s): (1) Dr. Eduardo Osorio Hernandez, Professor, Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Reviewers: (1) R. K. Mathukia, Junagadh Agricultural University, India. (2) Mahmoud M. A. Youssef, Egypt. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sciencedomain.org/review-history/26940 Received 16 August 2018 Accepted 25 October 2018 Published 31 October 2018 ABSTRACT Pests are major biotic factors causing up to 45% yield reduction in maize production. There is limited information on pests affecting maize in Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria. The types of insects and nematodes associated with ten quality protein maize varieties (QPMVs) were evaluated for pests’ occurrence, abundance and diversity on ‘plough only plots (POP)’ and ‘plough and harrow plots (PAHP)’ as primary and secondary tillage, respectively. The experiment was carried out using QPMVs at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Kwara State University, Malete and arranged in a randomised complete block design with 11 treatments Original Research Article Aderolu et al.; AJAAR, 7(4): 1-11, 2018; Article no.AJAAR.44308 2 replicated 3 times, including local check “pambo”. Data were collected on insect and nematode populations and yield parameters and analysed using ANOVA with descriptive statistics and standard diversity indices at P≤0.05. A total of 833.1±4.0 and 799.3±3.4 arthropod individuals from POP and PAHP tillage practices, respectively comprising 8 orders and 18 families. Ootheca mutabilis was the most abundant species, with 5.47% (POP) and 5.68% (PAHP) and the least was Rhopalosiphum maidis 1.82% (POP) and 1.80% (PAHP). As indicated by Shannon-Wiener (3.46±0.023) and Simpson indices (0.97±0.0008), there was even distribution in the tillage practices. Three genera of plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) namely: Meloidogyne spp. [(POP (78.33±19.65), PAHP (1.33±0.33)], Pratylenchus spp. [(POP (41.67±9.26), PAHP (5.00±2.31)], and Helicotylenchus spp. [(POP (58.33±38.35), PAHP (23.33±14.50)] were identified. The yield parameters and a number of the whole plant infested were significantly higher in the PAHP than the POP. The use of secondary tillage practice is effective in reducing insects and nematodes associated with ten quality protein maize varieties and, therefore, recommended for the management of these pests in maize production.