Browsing by Author "Busari, R. A"

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    Development and evaluation of biomass-based alternative charcoal.
    (Published by Italian Society of Agricultural Engineering., 2020) Fadeyibi, A; Adebayo, K. R; Obafemi, T. M; Olubo, A. S; Busari, R. A; Yisa, M. G
    Environmental issues resulting from production and application of wood charcoal can be addressed by using biomass briquettes as alternative. This research was undertaken to develop and evaluate briquette from jatropha, groundnut and melon seed residues. Samples of the briquette were formed from mixtures of 0.32-0.39 kg carbonized residues, 0.30-0.40 kg starch and 0.02-0.04 kg water. Physical and mechanical properties of the briquette samples including calorific value, bulk density and breaking force were determined using standard methods. Box-Bekhen Design Methodology was used to determine the optimum briquette blend. The results showed that the optimal briquette blend gave values of 4711.87 kcal. kg-1 calorific value, 282.59 kg m-3 bulk density and 1.36 kN breaking force, with a desirability index of 61.5%. A comparative analysis of the properties of the optimal briquette with that of a wood charcoal indicates no significant difference (P<0.05). This implies that the briquette can serve as an alternative energy source for cooking in rural communities.
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    DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A THREE-ROW MULTI-GRAIN PLANTER.
    (Published by School of Infrastructure, Process Engineering and Technology (SIPET) and the School of Electrical Engineering and Technology (SEET) of the Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria., 2024) Adebayo, K. R.; Busari, R. A; Alabi, K. P.; Gbadamosi, B. S.; Oluwatobi, O.S
    Mechanization has revolutionized farming practices by facilitating timely operations, reducing losses, and cutting operational costs, ultimately enhancing agricultural productivity. The rising demand for functional and affordable planters, coupled with the inability of Nigerian farmers to afford imported planters, highlights the need to develop locally produced planters to address the primary limitations and obstacles faced with existing planting equipment and systems, such as low efficiency, labour intensity, safety concerns, and soil compaction issues. The study focused on the design and fabrication of a three-row push-type multipurpose planter using locally available materials. The aim was to address the specific needs and challenges faced by rural and medium-scale farmers. The performance of the developed planter was evaluated through both laboratory and field tests. The laboratory assessment aimed to measure the rate of seed discharge and assess seed damage during operation, while the field test sought to gauge field efficiency and throughput capacity of the developed machine. Results from both tests indicated promising outcomes. The three-row planter discharged seeds; maize weighing 4.67 to 4.71 g, soybean ranging from 10.65 to 10.89 g, and cowpea weighing from 4.07 to 4.69 g while effectively metering out two to three seeds per discharge at an average planting depth of 3.88 cm. Minimal seed damage was recorded, with percentages of 1.07% for maize, 0.92% for soybeans, and 0.71% for sorghum. Field tests revealed a commendable field efficiency of 73.5% and an average field capacity of 0.188 ha/hr., Hence, the designed planter is simple to operate, portable, easy to maintain., and it has the potential to alleviate the challenges faced by farmers in rural areas.
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    DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A THREEROW MULTI-GRAIN PLANTER
    (NIGERIA JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCES (NJEAS), 2024) Busari, R. A; Alabi, K. P.; Adebayo, K. R.; Gbadamosi, B. S.; Oluwatobi, O.S.
    Mechanization has revolutionized farming practices by facilitating timely operations, reducing losses, and cutting operational costs, ultimately enhancing agricultural productivity. The rising demand for functional and affordable planters, coupled with the inability of Nigerian farmers to afford imported planters, highlights the need to develop locally produced planters to address the primary limitations and obstacles faced with existing planting equipment and systems, such as low efficiency, labour intensity, safety concerns, and soil compaction issues. The study focused on the design and fabrication of a three-row push-type multipurpose planter using locally available materials. The aim was to address the specific needs and challenges faced by rural and medium-scale farmers. The performance of the developed planter was evaluated through both laboratory and field tests. The laboratory assessment aimed to measure the rate of seed discharge and assess seed damage during operation, while the field test sought to gauge field efficiency and throughput capacity of the developed machine. Results from both tests indicated promising outcomes. The three-row planter discharged seeds; maize weighing 4.67 to 4.71 g, soybean ranging from 10.65 to 10.89 g, and cowpea weighing from 4.07 to 4.69 g while effectively metering out two to three seeds per discharge at an average planting depth of 3.88 cm. Minimal seed damage was recorded, with percentages of 1.07% for maize, 0.92% for soybeans, and 0.71% for sorghum. Field tests revealed a commendable field efficiency of 73.5% and an average field capacity of 0.188 ha/hr., Hence, the designed planter is simple to operate, portable, easy to maintain., and it has the potential to alleviate the challenges faced by farmers in rural areas.
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    POTENTIAL IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN ILORIN METROPOLIS.
    (Published by Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Makurdi., 2019) Akpenpuun, T. D; Adeniran, K. A; Busari, R. A; Ajayi-Banji, A; Issa, B. B.
    Solid waste is an inevitable consequence of human activities on earth; hence an investigation was carried out to assess the impact of methods of solid waste management of selected industries on the environment in Ilorin metropolis. Two main tools used for the study were: a structured questionnaire and physical collection of solid wastes generated from the industries located within Ilorin metropolis. Percentages and charts were used in analysing the data. Sawmill waste recorded 98.69% out of the total weight of waste collected for the experiment. 1.04%, 0.22% and 0.04% were recorded for plastic, printing (papers) and films (publishing) industries, respectively. The results showed that 58% of the industries monitored their solid waste with 15% and 20% of PVC and sawmill industry, respectively. It was also observed that 20% of the respondents employ contractors for waste disposal, 6% deposit their waste at the dump site while 44% sell their industrial waste and 30% respondents burn their waste.
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    PROCESS OPTIMIZATION OF OIL EXPRESSION FROM WATERMELON (CITRULLUS LANATUS) SEEDS .
    (Published by Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria., 2020) Busari, R. A; Fadeyibi, A; Adebayo, K. R; Olapipupo, R. F; Muhammed, F. A; Balogun, A. L
    Watermelon fruit contains large quantities of seeds, and these seeds are under-utilized. It contains a reasonable amount of oil (22%) which if expressed will serve as vegetable oil for human consumption or biodiesel for powering agricultural machines and boost the income of the farmers. The main objective of this research work is to study the interaction effect of operating parameters on the mechanical oil expression from the seed. The variables considered include applied pressure (85.00, 90.00, 95.00, 100.00 and 105.00 kN/mm2 ), roasting temperature (70.00, 80.00, 90.00, 100 and 110 °C) and moisture content (6.00, 8.00, 10.00, 12.00 and 14.00 %). A total sum of 20 batch experiments were carried out and the maximum oil yield was 13.49% (at corresponding moisture content of 6.00%, roasting temperature of 85.00 ⁰C and applied pressure of 105.00 kN/mm2 respectively) and minimum oil yield obtained was 9.41%. (at corresponding moisture content of 14.00%, roasting temperature 80 °C and applied pressure of 85.00 kN/mm2 respectively). While the optimum oil yield of 12.42% was obtained from the expression at corresponding moisture content of 6.00%, roasting temperature of 80.00ºC, and applied pressure of 105.00 kN/mm2. The result showed that the three independent variables had significant effect on oil yield and regression model equation was developed to predict the oil yield from watermelon seeds at known variables.
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    SELECTED ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF PALM NUT (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS) REQUIRED IN THE DESIGN OF PALM KERNEL-SHELL SEPARATOR.
    (Published by Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria., 2020) Akande, F. B; Ogunremi, I. O; Ola, F.A; Balogun, A. L; Busari, R. A
    Based on high dependence of many companies on palm kernel products for soap making vegetable oil and body cream, an efficient palm kernel-processing machine is therefore not only necessary but also important to regenerate the production of palm kernel oil in order to meet up with the ever increasing demand for the industries. Therefore, the knowledge of engineering properties becomes very important in the design of suitable and appropriate palm kernel-shell separator. The parameters investigated were linear dimensions, arithmetic mean and geometric mean diameters, surface area, sphericity, true and bulk densities, angle of repose, drag coefficient and terminal velocity of palm nut and kernel at 7.19 % and 9.5 % (d.b.) moisture content, respectively. The results revealed that average arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, surface area, angle of repose, drag coefficient and terminal velocity were 20.88/12.55 mm, 20.08/12.41 mm, 0.69/0.84 %, 104.67/485.31 mm2, 19.33/19.17 °, 1.93/1.22and 5.72/3.21s m/s, respectively for nuts/kernel seeds. Some of the properties of the palm nut have been determined and found useful in the design and construction of palm kernel shell separator. These properties were needed as input to models or predicting the behaviour of agricultural produce in pre-harvest, harvest, and post-harvest conditions, to aid better understanding of processing and design of machines.
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    Strength and Micro-Structural Properties of Wood Chips Composite Panel.
    (Published by Federal University of Technology Minna. Nigeria, 2020) Akpenpuun, T. D; Iyanda, M. O; Ajayi-Banji, A. A; Busari, R. A; Gbadeyanka, R
    Global warming primarily due to deforestation has led to the development of new materials to substitute felling of trees by wood-based industries. The utilisation of wood chips and cassava starch for the production of particle board was the thrust of this research. The chip sizes of 0.85 and 1.7 mm, dosage and types of binders (cassava starch, urea formaldehyde and Glutaraldehyde modified cassava starch) were the variables. The ratio of wood chips to the binders was 1.0:1.5. The boards were formed in rectangular moulds. Water absorption, thickness swelling, flexural tests and material characterisation (using scanning electron microscope (SEM)) were carried out. Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance. The result obtained was subjected to analysis of variance. The particleboards produced with modified cassava starch had the best mechanical properties with the modulus of elasticity (MOE) ranging from 5.90 to 32.32 N/mm2but had a higher thickness swelling values ranging from 3 to 59.37%. There was a significant difference (p<0.01) between the boards manufactured using plain starch and modified starch. These tests results have shown that wood chips, plain cassava starch and modified cassava starch are sources of raw materials in the production of particleboard. The developed particleboard can be used for paneling, partitioning and ceilings.