Browsing by Author "Balogun, O.S."

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    Assessment of the presence of metals and quality of water used for irrigation in Kwara State, Nigeria
    (2017) Aliyu, T.H.; Balogun, O.S.; Namani, C.S.; Olatinwo, L.K.; Aliyu, A.S
    : In Nigeria irrigated agriculture is an important tool for economic growth, food security, and poverty reduction during dry periods of rain-fed agriculture. The concentration and composition of dissolved constituents in water determines its quality for irrigation use. Water quality studies strongly suggest that agriculture is a leading source of water quality problems, due to pesticides and other agro-inputs, widely used by farmers to improve agricultural productivity. Poor quality irrigation water would therefore obviously affect soil quality and crop productivity. This study was carried out in 2015 to assess the presence of metals and physical properties of water, used for irrigation in Kwara state, Nigeria. Samples were randomly collected from thirty irrigation sources in three senatorial zones of Kwara State. The samples were analyzed for the presence of metals and water quality parameters, using standard procedures. Results showed that the highest concentration of Sulphate (7.0mg/L), Nitrate (8.9mg/L), Sodium (31.6mg/L), Calcium (3.1mg/L), and Magnesium (0.7) ions were within acceptable limits. The Sodium Adsorption Ratio, an indicator for water suitability in agricultural irrigation as well as a standard diagnostic parameter for the sodicity hazard of a soil, was significantly the highest (22.7) in Kwara North. Results of the study point to the need for an effective irrigation water quality assessment to curb nonpoint source pollution that could be caused by improper use of chemicals and pesticides by farmers.
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    Covid 19: Determination of the Relationship between Sex, Having Handkerchief or Staying Indoor and Facial Touch
    (International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health, 2020-05-23) Aderoju, S.A.; Ajewole, S.S.; Balogun, O.S.
    Background: Covid-19 outbreak is the current pandemic confronting nations in the world. The virus had caused so much loss of lives, loss of jobs and serious damages to global economy. One major way of preventing the spread of the virus and guide against being infected is to avoid face touching with unwashed hand(s). Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the association between sex, having handkerchief or staying indoor and number of time a person touches face (mouth, eyes or nose). Methodology: A sample size of n = 130 people were randomly selected and observed obliviously for 120 seconds. The number of times they touched their faces were recorded with other variables like sex, having handkerchief and staying indoor or outdoor. Since the response variable is count, appropriate models for such data were used. Results and Conclusion: The Poisson results shown that there exist overdispersion, hence, a model that can account for the dispersion parameter was used to obtain accurate results. The results of the analysis shown that there is no association between the number of time a person touches face and sex, having handkerchief or staying indoor. The expected number time people touch their faces within 120 seconds is twice while the minimum and maximum number of times are zero and eight respectively. Recommendation: It is recommended that there ought to be adequate public enlightenment and sensitization on the peril of the novel COVID-19 pandemic and the reason why individuals ought to stick carefully to the exhortation of abstaining from touching of faces (without washing with soap and water) so as to forestall its spread. If a person's hands are contaminated with the virus, he/she isn't infected until he/she touches the face (nose, eye or mouth) with the hands unwashed.
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    Modeling of Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis Co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patents using some Parametric Survival Models
    (The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 2020) Olaosebikan, A.; Aderoju, S.A.; Balogun, O.S.
    In this study, the authors examined age and gender as some of the challenges of modeling infectious diseases using data comprising of patients with Tuberculosis (TB) and TB coinfected Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) as a case study. The TB and TB co-infected with HIV are some of the common health problems in the world. Time-to-event outcomes are common data types in medical research. The data examined time until a patient is cured of the disease having some patients right-censored. With the nature of the data, the appropriate analysis is the survival analysis method. The study aims at fitting appropriate models to the TB and TB/HIV coinfection data examining age and gender as factors influencing the survival of the disease. Hence, Kaplan-Meier estimation, Cox PH and some parametric models were adopted in the study. The result shows that among the parametric models, generalized gamma fit TB data best and there is a significant difference in the survival rate of male and female while Cox model fit TB coinfected with HIV best and there is a significant difference in the male and female patient. The median survival times are 17 and 18 months for TB patients and TB/HIV co-infected patients respectively.