DSpace Angular :: Browsing by Author "Akinpelu, Mutiu"

Browsing by Author "Akinpelu, Mutiu"

Now showing 1 - 18 of 18

Determination of Load Carrying Capacity of Clay Bricks Reinforced With Straw
(Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 2017) Odeyemi, Samson; Akinpelu, Mutiu
Sandcrete block is a dominant material for wall construction, but it is often characterized with high cost and low strength property. This has necessitated the need to source for new materials within our environment. Clay is a natural material that is widely available in many countries of the world, and it has the potential to establish better strength property than sandcrete blocks when mixed with straw. The straw serves as reinforcement that increases its compressive strength. The results obtained from this research shows that with the addition of straw (0.0025%, 0.005%, 0.0075% and 0.01%) at water-clay mixing ratio of 0.15, the compressive strength of the clay brick increased up to 148% of the strength of the clay without straw. The Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) results shows a strong adhesion between brick and straw fiber without any sign of brick saturation. This reveals that the addition of straw increased the compressive strength of the clay brick.
Development of an Advanced Public Transportation System for captive commuters on urban arterials in Ilorin, Nigeria
(Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, 2013-04-06) Akinpelu, Mutiu; Adeleke, Oluwafemi; Jimoh, Yinusa
EFFECT OF POLYTHENE MODIFIED BITUMEN ON PROPERTIES OF HOT MIX AS ASPHALT
(2013) Akinpelu, Mutiu
EVALUATION OF HY-8 MODELING TOOLFOR HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS OF SELECTED CULVERTS ALONG ILORIN-JEBBA ROAD, KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
(University of Maidiguri, 2019) Adeogun, A.; Akinpelu, Mutiu
In this study, selected culverts along Ilorin– Jebba road, Kwara State were hydraulically analyzed using HY-8 modelling tool. Hydrological analyses of the culverts were performed using rational method for the computation of design discharges. On site information such as tail water data such as channel type and bottom width, roadway data such as crest length and culvert data such as culvert material and span were collected from each of the culverts and were used in conjunction with estimated design discharge as input data for HY-8 modeling tool to facilitate the hydraulic analysis of the culverts. Hydrological analysis showed that the highest design flow of 9.09 m3/s was obtained at culvert located at Km 11+775 while the least design flow of 1.83 m3/s was obtained at culvert located at Km 3+300. Hydraulic analysis revealed that seven of the analyzed culverts have adequate capacity to convey the design flow while three culverts were found inadequate to convey the design flow and therefore, need to be resized. The outcome of this study will arouse the interest of engineers in the usage of the tool in sizing hydraulic culverts most especially in Nigeria and other Saharan African countries.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Chemical Composition of Some Selected Steel Reinforcements Used in Nigeria
(Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou, 2021) Akinpelu, Mutiu; Salman, Ash-shuara
Mechanical properties and chemical composition of some selected steel reinforcement bars used for construction works in Nigeria were investigated. Six nominal sizes of bars from four selected brands, including: Real steel reinforcing pty Limited, code name Red; Phoenix steel mills, code name White; Pulkit alloy and steel limited, code name Blue; and African foundries limited, code name Black were evaluated. The tensile test was carried out at the mechanical engineering department, University of Ilorin using Universal Testing Machine (UTM) while the chemical compositions of the steel samples were analyzed using optical emission spectrometer at the laboratory of African foundries limited, Ikorodu Lagos State. The results obtained were compared with BS 449:2005 +A3:2016 standard provision. The outcome of the study showed that 70.8 % of the tested steel bars failed the characteristic tensile strength test, though with a very good percentage elongation satisfying the required specification. Chemical composition tests revealed that most of the failed samples contained low carbon content or excess phosphorus composition plus other impurities.
Evaluation of splitting tensile and compressive strength relationship of self-compacting concrete
(Elsevier, 2019) Akinpelu, Mutiu; Odeyemi, Samson; Muhammed, Fatimah; Olafusi, Oladipupo
Research findings have reported a behavioural relationship between the splitting tensile strength and compressive strength of concretes. This work studied both the experimental and analytical relationships that exist between splitting tensile strength and compressive strength of both vibrated concrete (VC) and self compacting concrete (SCC) of similar grades. Both concrete types were designed to achieve target compressive strength of 20 N/mm2, 30 N/mm2 and 40 N/mm2 at 28 days. The compressive and splitting tensile properties were measured on cylindrical concrete specimens of 150 mm diameter × 300 mm length at 28-days using a compression testing machine. The analytical work tested seven different reported models relating the two measured parameters for VC on SCC, while the Welch 2 sample t-test statistical technique was adopted to check the normality and equality of variance of the results. Experimental findings revealed that the ratio of the splitting tensile to compressive strengths for VC and SCC decreases with increasing compressive strength, and the analytical study revealed that similar analytical model could be adopted for both concrete types as there is no statistically detectable difference between their results.
Evaluation of variations of coarse aggregate types on hardened properties of concrete
(Leon Publications, 2021) Akinpelu, Mutiu; Ash-shu'ara, Salman
Variation in coarse aggregate types, shapes, textures and means of production are known to have a profound effect on mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive and flexural strengths. Two coarse aggregates; uncrushed gravel (UG) and crushed granite (CG) were used as coarse aggregates. Coarse aggregates were partially replaced with crushed granite at the incremental rate of 20% by weight of total coarse aggregate from 0% to 100%. Mix proportion of 1:2:4 and the water-cement ratio of 0.65 were used. The concrete design targeted compressive strength of 20Mpa on the 28th day. Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV) test was conducted on various coarse aggregate combinations. Compressive strength and modulus of rupture were determined at various mix proportion of concrete containing different per-cent of coarse aggregates replacements at curing ages; 7th, 14th, and 28th days. Across curing ages, an increase in percent of crushed granite lead to an increase in compressive strength (CS) and modulus of rupture (MOR). Statistical analysis established strong positive relationship between percent of CG replacement and CS at 28th day (R2 = 0.908 & p < 0.01), between percent of CG replacement and MOR at 28th day (R2 = 0.832 & p < 0.05), and between CS at 28th day and MOR at 28th day for different mix proportions (R2 = 0.878 & p < 0.01).
Health and Safety Effect of Road Bumps on Vehicle Occupants in Nigeria
(Leon Publications, 2018) Akinpelu, Mutiu; Bilyamin, Ibitoye; Adeniyi, Adeogun
On most roads in the developing countries road bumps are traffic calming measures to promote orderly traffic moment, control speed and improve safety. However, their presence constitutes great discomfort to drivers while climbing over them. Most of them are not well placed and their irregularity cause vibration of vehicles wheels and tilting impacts on passengers. The objective of this study is to examine the efficiency of road bumps and their contributing factors on the discomfort and safety of motorists. This paper concentrates on the 14 km stretch of the highway linking the State capital; Ilorin city to the Kwara State University, Malete. The Vibsensor software was used to collect data on thirty-two (32) bumps existing along the study road. Questionnaires were also assessed to enquire from road users on the impact of the vibration on their health. The obtained result indicates possible health hazards to various human body organs such as inner ear, eye oscillation and motion sickness. The study also found that sudden hard braking of most speeding drivers on sighting the bumps result in pitching and tilting of occupants and/or may even lead to driver’s loss of control to cause serious accidents when the vehicle run off the road.
Impact of treatment temperature of metakaolin on strength and sulfate resistance of concrete
(Research on Engineering Structures and Materials, 2024-02-05) Akinpelu, Mutiu; Salman, Ash-Shu'ara; Jimoh, Yusuf
Calcined clay, a widely studied supplementary cementitious material, has shown positive impacts on concrete's microstructural properties, strength development, and durability. The variation in raw clay mineral concentration across different locations influences the optimal calcination temperature needed to activate its pozzolanic reactivity. This investigation focuses on studying the effects of calcination temperature on the characterization and pozzolanic reactivity of Nigerian Kaolinite clay. The clay was calcined at temperatures ranging from 600˚C to 900˚C for 2 hours. Characterization involved X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analyses. Blended mixtures, incorporating 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% metakaolin as cement replacement, were assessed for workability, strength, and durability properties at 7, 14, 28, and 56 days to determine the clay's pozzolanic reactivity. XRF categorized the metakaolin as a class N pozzolan, while XRD indicated that 800˚C for 2 hours was necessary for complete dihydroxylation. Compressive, tensile, and sulfate resistance tests confirmed that treating the clay at 800˚C for 2 hours optimized its performance. The mix with 10% metakaolin outperformed the control by 6.4%, 14.7%, and 14.1% in compressive strength at 14th, 28th, and 56th days, respectively. While the best performance was at 10% replacement, levels up to 30% also demonstrated satisfactory results compared to the control, showing potential for achieving desired strengths. Linear regression models were also developed to establish the relationship between compressive and split tensile strengths across curing periods. The resulting equations demonstrate excellent predictive performance with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.928 to 0.991.
Influence of Locally Sourced Waste Foundry Sand on Workability and Compressive Strength of Normal-Strength Concrete
(Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti (ABUAD), 2022) Salman, Ashuara; Akinpelu, Mutiu
Since the early nineteenth century, sustainable utilization of industrial by-products and agro-residue ashes have been at the forefront of researches owing to the impacts of rapid urbanization and development. This study presents experimental work on the re utilization of already discarded waste foundry sand (WFS) sourced from local iron pot maker in Osogbo, Osun State. Fine aggregate was partially replaced with three different compositions of WFS (0, 10, 20 and 30%) using batching by weight method. The slump cone test was performed on the fresh concrete samples in order to determine their workabilities while the compressive strength test was performed at 7th, 21st and 28th-day curing ages. The compressive strength test is most used to assess the load-bearing capacity of concrete. The hardened densities for the concrete samples were also established at 7th, 21st and 28th-day curing ages. Results from the compressive strength test showed that as more WFS was incorporated into concrete mixes, so does the compressive strength increases across all curing ages. The results also showed a marginal increase in compressive strengths at 28th-day curing age in concrete samples containing WFS. Slump values for the concrete samples increase as more WFS is incorporated into mixes with exception of 30% WFS whose slump value decrease slightly compared to samples containing 10% of WFS. The hardened densities of concrete samples fall within 2200 - 2600kg/m3 which is regarded as the density of normal-weight concrete across all curing ages. Based on these results, WFS sourced locally can effectively and efficiently be utilized to produce plain concrete.
Investigation of the Properties of “Pure Water” Sachet Modified Bitumen
(2013) Dahunsi, Bamidele; Awogboro, Femi; Akinpelu, Mutiu; Olafusi, Oladipupo
The increasing volume of traffic loads on our roads is currently a challenge on flexible pavement design and construction. Factors such as durability, strength and economic needs have to be considered in the design and construction of road pavement. Many research have been conducted to explore supplementary material that can make a durable asphalt pavement. It is not unfamiliar that the modification of bitumen with the use of polymers enhances its performance characteristics but at the same time significantly alters its rheologicalproperties. One of the environmental issues in most regions of Nigeria is the large number of polymeric wastes made from polyethylene water sachet (PWS) popularly called “Pure Water” Nylon deposited in domestic wastes and landfills. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of PWS on the properties of conventional bitumen and suitability of discarded PWS as bitumen modifier and to reduce the environmental effects of PWS disposal. Bituminous blends containing PWS at various percentages 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% weight of conventional bitumen. Penetration, softening point and float tests were carried out on the samples to evaluate the penetration index, viscosity, stiffness modulus and the suitability of PWS as bitumen modifier. Sieve analysis and infrared spectroscopy of the shredded PWS sample were also carried out. Result obtained from tests was compared between control sample (0% PWS) and PWS modified samples. The test results show that PWSs influence more on the penetration of the modified sample with the increase in the viscosity of the bitumen as can be observed by the decrease in the value of penetration with the increase in concentration of PWS. The penetration index values of Samples 2.5% PWS and 7.5% PWS makes them to be classified as blown bitumen and the PI value of Sample 5% PWS makes it less susceptible to temperature changes and can be classified as oxidized bitumen. PWS is a cheap and readily available material in construction when used appropriately in bitumen and the recycling of PWS for asphalt base roads helps alleviate an environmental problem and saves energy.
Numerical study on the effect of different column shapes on punching shear behavior of flat slabs
(Elsevier, 2023-08-15) Akinpelu, Mutiu; Salman, Ash-Shu'ara
This study was carried out to assess the punching shear behavior of flat slabs considering the use of various column shapes such as L, T, and Cruciform as support. The flat slab floor system is becoming most adopted in various structures ranging from medium-rise to skyscrapers, garages, factories, airports, etc. Although in this field of study, various research has been carried out over the decade, limited considerations were made for compound column geometries. Finite Element modelling software Abaqus was used in the development of a numerical model capable of predicting punching shear features of flat slabs. The control model was a flat slab supported on a square column established from an experimental test reported in previously published literature. The concrete material behavior was defined in the Concrete Damage Plasticity Model and the best-suited parameters were deduced by sensitivity analysis. A comparative analysis was performed to compare the numerical results to both experimental and code predictions from ACI 318-19, Eurocode 2, 2004 and Model Code 2010. The study revealed that the shape of columns influences the punching shear capacity, with L, T, and Cruciform giving an increase of 3%, 5.2% and 22.6% respectively.
Numerical Verification of Strut and Tie Models and Failure Modes of Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Deep Beams
(Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland, 2020) Akinpelu, Mutiu; Samson, Odeyemi; Bilyamin, Ibitoye; Kabir, Olorede
This study utilized Finite Element Method (FEM) to analyse the structural behaviour and failure modes of Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete (RSCC) deep beams. Eighteen deep beam specimens subjected to four-point loadings were modelled and analyzed using Abaqus modelling tool. Damage plasticity model was used to characterised the nonlinear behaviour of concrete material while linear elastic, linear-plastic-hardening model represented the reinforcing steel material behaviour. The results of the finite model were compared with four different Strut and Tie Models (STMs) using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results of the numerical study revealed that the concrete strength and shear span to depth ratio mostly affect the load-deflection response of the beams. Also, the failure modes of the studied deep beams were influenced by shear span to depth ratio, concrete strength as well as web reinforcement distribution. The ANOVA results also showed that the FEM outperformed the existing STMs
Potential Use of Groundnut Shell Ash as Soils Strength Enhancer
(LAUTECH, 2021) Salman, Ashuara; Akinpelu, Mutiu
This research investigates the potential use of groundnut shell ash (GSA) as soils strength enhancer. The GSA was used as admixture on selected soil samples from four different locations and samples were named T1, T2, T3 & T4. The tests carried out on the samples include Atterberg limit, sieve size analysis, soil hydrometer, compaction and California bearing ratio (CBR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Sieve size analysis, soil hydrometer test, Atterberg limit test were used to classify soil samples’ properties and classification was done as per AASHTO soil classification system. Sample T1 was classified as A-6, samples T2, T3 and T4 were classified as A-4. GSA was added to the soil samples;2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 15% of GSA by weight of soil samples. Compaction test and California bearing ratio (CBR) were carried out on soil samples with added GSA. Results from XRF showed that SiO2 + Al2O3+ Fe2O3 = 25.61%. For GSA to be classified as pozzolan, SiO2 + Al2O3+ Fe2O3 ≥ 70% as per ASTM C618 – 08. Therefore, GSA cannot be classified as pozzolan as it does not meet requirement stipulated in ASTM C618 but rather as inert pores filler. Based on the results from compaction and CBR, the study showed that 4-8% of GSA was found to have improved and enhanced the strength of the soil samples.
Scour Depth Prediction for Asa Dam Bridge, Ilorin, Using Artificial Neural Network
(Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland, 2020) Odeyemi, Samson; Akinpelu, Mutiu; Abdulwahab, Rasheed
Bridge Scour is the localized loss of the geomaterials around the foundation of a bridge as a result of the movement of water around it. Scour is a great risk to the stability of a bridge’s foundation, thus leading to collapse, loss of lives and setback in a nation’s socio-economic life. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are collections of simple, highly connected processing elements that learn according to sets of input parameters and use that to simulate the networks of nerve cells of humans or animal central nervous system. The Asa Dam Bridge, one of the longest bridges in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, has five (5) spans of 20m each. The bridge connects Ilorin to the Ogbomosho Express way (leading to the western part of the country) and the Eyenkorin-Jebba road (leading to the north). Thus, the bridge has a high economic value. In this research, factors such as flow depth, average flow velocity of the river and median sediment size were investigated to show how they affect the depth of scour around the bridge pile foundation. Data were taken for a period of 48 weeks and ANN was applied to predict and generate a model that shows how these factors relate to the scour depth of the riverbed. The model revealed that the hydraulic parameters and soil grading around the pile cap of Asa River Bridge bears significant influence on the scour depth of its foundation. The model was compared with five (5) other established scour equations.
Strength Properties of Steel and Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Containing Quarry Dust, Rice Husk Ash and Guinea Corn Husk Ash
(Shiraz University, 2022) Odeyemi, Samson; Akinpelu, Mutiu; Rasheed Abdulwaha
The rising cost of concrete production due to the global recession in world economy caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the greenhouse gases emitted in the production of cement has necessitated the need for alternative materials for cement. In this study, bamboo strips and steel rebars were used as reinforcements in a ternary blended concrete to determine their strength properties. In alignment with standard requirements for testing, concrete specimens were tested at curing ages of 7, 14 and 28 days for compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths. The morphological and bond characteristics of the bamboo were determined through the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively; while its tensile strength was determined and compared with that of steel reinforcement. These results showed that bamboo is ductile and has stretching vibrational spectrum. The combinations of quarry dust, river sand, Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Guinea Corn Husk Ash (GCHA) yielded compressive and split tensile strengths of 20.4 N/mm2 and 2.18 N/mm2, respectively. Concrete with 50 % river sand and 50 % quarry dust performed better in flexure for both Bamboo Reinforced Concrete (BRC) and Steel Reinforced Concrete (SRC) at 28 days with strengths of 12.75 N/mm2 and 22.49 N/mm2, respectively. Therefore, bamboo, quarry dust, rice husk and guinea corn husk ash can be used for reinforced concrete production.
Structural Response of Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Deep Beam Using Finite Element Method
(2018) Akinpelu, Mutiu; Adedeji, Abdulahi
Analysis of reinforced concrete deep beam is based on simplified approximate method due to the complexity of the exact analysis. The complexity is due to a number of parameters affecting its response. To evaluate some of this parameters, finite element study of the structural behavior of the reinforced self-compacting concrete deep beam was carried out using Abaqus finite element modeling tool. The model was validated against experimental data from the literature. The parametric effects of varied concrete compressive strength, vertical web reinforcement ratio and horizontal web reinforcement ratio on the beam were tested on eight (8) different specimens under four points loads. The results of the validation work showed good agreement with the experimental studies. The parametric study revealed that the concrete compressive strength most significantly influenced the specimens’ response with the average of 41.1% and 49 % increment in the diagonal cracking and ultimate load respectively due to doubling of concrete compressive strength. Although the increase in horizontal web reinforcement ratio from 0.31 % to 0.63 % lead to average of 6.24 % increment on the diagonal cracking load, it does not influence the ultimate strength and the load deflection response of the beams. Similar variation in vertical web reinforcement ratio leads to an average of 2.4 % and 15 % increment in cracking and ultimate load respectively with no appreciable effect on the load-deflection response.
Workability and strengths of ternary cementitious concrete incorporating calcined clay and limestone powder
(Elsevier, 2023) Akinpelu, Mutiu; Salman Ash-shu'ara
Problems associated with the production and utilization of Portland cement have necessitated the use of alternative or supplementary binders in concrete production. This study investigated the use of two supplementary binders; calcined clay (CC) and limestone powder (LP) as substitutes for cement in the production of concrete. Both the calcined clay and limestone powder were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Blended concrete mix proportions containing calcined clay and limestone powder were prepared and tested for fresh and hardened concrete properties including workability, compressive and splitting tensile strengths. The outcomes of this research showed that calcined clay is majorly amorphous with traces of crystal particles while limestone is all crystal particles. Based on oxides composition, calcined clay can be used as pozzolan while limestone powder can be best utilized as pore fillers. The addition of both calcined clay and limestone powder resulted in the loss of slump, although the effect is more pronounced in concrete blends containing calcined clay. While the inclusion of limestone powder caused a slight loss of strength in the blended concrete, it can still be utilized to achieve reasonably high strengths. Only concrete mix incorporating 10% of calcined clay gives a slight increase in strength, hence calcined clay can be utilized to a limited volume in concrete production.

Browsing by Author "Akinpelu, Mutiu"

Results Per Page

Sort Options