Browsing by Author "Akinfemi, A."

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    A preliminary study on nutrient digestibility by West African dwarf goats fed graded levels of shea nut (Vitellaria paradoxa) cake-based rations
    (2016) Ogunbosoye, D. O; Tona, G. O.; Akinfemi, A.; Ajani, M. R.
    Feed shortage which rises from seasonal feed deficits, erratic supply of feed ingredients with competition between humans and livestock for available feed resources, possesses a major constraint to goat production in Nigeria. This has led to low level of livestock productivity. In this regards, there is need to search for alternative but cheaper feedstuffs. Shea nut cake (SNC), an agro industrial waste product could be used as one of the economic strategy to ameliorate feed shortage. The current study was focused on the effect of dietary inclusion of Shea nut cake on nutrients digestibility of West African Dwarf goats using six (6) growing males WAD goats. Diets consist of 0%, 10% and 15% shea nut cake inclusion levels in combination with wheat offal, corn bran, cassava peel, cowpea husk, and the dietary treatments were designated as T1, T2, and T3 respectively. The experimental animals were allotted to three treatments in a completely randomized design with two animals per treatment. The animals were transferred into a wooden metabolic cage fitted with facilities to collect faeces which lasted for 14 days. Crude protein, ether extract, ash and neutral detergent fibre concentrations of the experimental diets were 9.18-11.37%, 2.03-2.79, 9.63- 12.11% and 30.69-48.51% respectively. The result obtained for average daily weight gain was higher (p<0.05) for T2 (64.29g) compared to T1 (35.72g) and T3 (35.72g) which were similar. The feed conversion ratio showed no significant (p<0.05) effect among T1 (14.32) and T3 (14.07) while T2 (8.00) is significantly higher. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed among treatment groups for nutrients digestibility. The goats placed under T2 (10%) recorded the highest digestibility coefficient for all the nutrients. However the crude protein, ether extract, ash and neutral detergent fibre digestibilities were between 45.76- 74.26%, 57.19-67.73%, 56.09-76.66% and 55.28-78.28% respectively. It was however observed that T2 (10%) SNC inclusion had the highest digestibility coefficient in all the nutrients by West African dwarf goats.
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    Blood profiles of West African dwarf (WAD) growing bucks fed varying levels of shea nut cake based rations in Nigeria
    (2018) Ogunbosoye, D. O; Akinfemi, A.; Ajayi A.D
    Shea nut cake (SNC) is one of the agro-industrial by-products that could be used as ruminants feed. A total of 12 West African dwarf young bucks were used in a completely randomized design for an 84-day study to evaluate the blood profiles of goats fed diets of 0 % (T1), 10% (T2) and 20% (T3)SNC. The results revealed that there were slight significant differences in few of the blood parameters measured among the treatments. The haemoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV) and red blood cell ranged from 8.33–9.88 g/dl, 20.95–22.05% and 6.51–7.06 × 106/l respectively. The concentrations of mean corpuscular volume (21.83–22.17 fl), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (7.58–8.50pg) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (33.00–34.73%) varied significantly (p < 0.05), white blood cell varied from 8.46 to 12.75 μl and lymphocytes (%) ranged from 51.27 to 53.78. For serum biochemistry, values obtained for aspartate aminotransferase and total protein were similar. Cholesterol, alanine amino transferase and albumin varied significantly among the treatment
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    Nutritional improvement of rice straw treated with urea-molasses and its effect on in vitro digestibility
    (2020-02) Akinfemi, A.; Adebayo B. J.; Ogunbosoye, D. O
    Rice straw was treated with urea-molasses and concealed in a polythene bag for a week. The resultant impact of the treatment on the chemical composition and in vitro gas production parameters was analyzed. Feed grade urea was dissolved in water containing molasses equivalent to 0.5% (T2), 1.0% (T3), 1.5% (T4) and 2% T5 (w/v) were sprayed on 100 g quadruplicate samples. The result obtained showed significant (p<0.05) variations in the chemical composition. The NDF (%) ranged from 75.12 (T1) to 48.78 (T5), ADF (%) 42.34 (T1) to 34.96 (T5) and ADL (%) 16.42 (T1) to 10.25 (T5). These contents decreased progressively with increased inclusion of urea-molasses. However, treatment effect as affected by cellulose content was not significant (p>0.05). The (b, ml) ranged from 6 (T1) to 26 (T5). Treatments 4 had the highest crude protein (13.1%) and ash (2.83%). Gas volume at 24 hours differed significantly (p<0.05) with values increasing with inclusion of urea-molasses from 14 ml (T1) to 30 ml (T5). The methane production increases proportionally with Gv24 with values ranging from 5.33 ml (T1) to 16.00 ml (T5). Treatment of rice straw was affected SCFA (μmol) production. Treatment effect on potassium and phosphorus was significant (p<0.05) while Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by treatment. Urea-molasses treatment rice straw improved the fermentation quality and, estimated organic matter digestibility, metabolisable energy and short chain fatty acid.
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    SILAGE CHARACTERISTICS AND VOLUNTARY INTAKE OF ENSILED MAIZE RESIDUE- BROWSE PLANTS MIXTURES FED RED SOKOTO GOATS AS DRY SEASON FEEDSTUFFS IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
    (2016) Ogunbosoye, D. O; Odedire J.A; Akinfemi, A.
    The work was carried out to evaluate the fermentation characteristics and voluntary intake of silages made directly from the mixture of Parkia biglobosa (PB), Gliricidia sepium (GS), Ficus polita (FP), Prosopis africana (PA) and maize residue (MR). Twenty growing red Sokoto goats were allocated to the silages for acceptability study in four replicates in a completely randomized design. The maize residue was cut immediately after harvesting the cobs green and the material was ensiled with four browse trees in equal proportion. After 45 days of ensiling period, silage samples were opened and analyzed for chemical composition and fermentative characteristics. Crude protein (CP) ranged from 4.3 % (MR) to 18.18 % (GS). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) varied between 60.5 % and 65.76 % in Parkia-maize residue and maize residue silages respectively. The silages pH ranged between 4.2 and 4.8 with varying levels of yellowish-green colour and sour to vinegar aroma. The taste was pleasant to nice. The silages broke slowly when touched and remain in-destructible. The silages were accepted by red Sokoto goats in the following order: maize residue> Parkia > Ficus spp > Gliricidia while ensiled Prosopis was rejected. Silages from the browse trees mixed with maize residue could be considered a better feed resource for ruminant animals for their high crude protein content and good quality silages against dry season feeding. Key Words: Ensiled, Browse Trees, Acceptability Study, Fermentation Characteristics
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    THE EFFICACY OF MULTINUTRIENTS FEED BLOCK USING SHEA NUT CAKE WITH OTHER AGRO INDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS AND ITS ACCEPTABILITY BY WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOATS IN NIGERIA
    (2018) Ogunbosoye, D. O; Akinfemi, A.; Otukoya, F.K
    Shea nut cake enriched with urea, soybean cheese waste and Gliricidia sepium was made into feed blocks using three binders (cement T1, cassava flour T2 and industrial starch T3). The feed blocks were air dried for 21 days at air temperature of about 28°C to investigate their physical properties and acceptability. Twelve (12) healthy growing West African Dwarf (WAD) goats of average weight 8.0 kg were used with Daniella oleiveri as basal diet for 14 days in a completely randomized design. Feed blocks using industrial starch as binder was harder and more compact compared to the two other binding agents throughout the drying period. Chemical composition showed that the highest content of dry matter was recorded for T3 (96.32%) and the lowest in T2 (94.23%). T2 recorded the highest crude protein content (32.71%) while T1 had the the least (30.18%). Crude fibre content was also the highest in T2 (4.50%) and the lowest in T3 (4.42%). In addition, the highest ash content was observed in T2 (8.82%) and the lowest in T1 (6.79%). In terms of physical properties (hardness and compactness), feed block produced using industrial starch as binder is the best. Among the treatments, T3 was the most acceptable with coefficient of preference above unity. The cost of production was highest in T3 (N80.25/kg) and lowest in T1 (N54.00/ kg). From the results obtained, feed block produced using industrial starch as binder is recommended for adoption by farmers as dry season feed supplement in ruminant nutrition due to its properties and acceptance by the animals.