Browsing by Author "Akande, Rashidat Sumbola"

Now showing 1 - 15 of 15
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    Corruption and state capacity in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross country analysis
    (0217) Akande, Rashidat Sumbola
    Corruption has been a major hindrance to the development of most African states. Corruption in governance can distort policymaking and therefore affect state capacity. The capacity of the state is divided into the extractive (fiscal capacity) and productive capacity (legal capacity). This study focused on the extractive capacity and did a cross-country regression analysis using panel data across the Sub-Saharan Africa region to explore the fixed and random effect specification of the variables. The result obtained indicated that corruption has a negative influence on the fiscal capacity (measured as tax revenue) of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper also showed that corruption alone might have no significant effect on tax revenue if governance is not included. This implies that good governance is a very important determinant of state capacity, and it is highly correlated with corruption. The result suggests that good governance which includes its key requirements of accountability, transparency, political stability, and rule of law, will improve the fiscal capacity of a state, as this will make corruption difficult to take root.
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    Does the relative size of agricultural exports matter for sustainable development? Evidence from Sub-Sahara Africa
    (Elsevier, 2025-02-26) Nofiu, Taofeekat Temitope; Akande, Rashidat Sumbola; Jimoh, Sodiq Olaiwola; Abdulkareem, Hauwah K. K.
    This study investigates the effect of the relative size of agricultural exports on sustainable development across 46 sub-Saharan African countries between 1999 and 2020. Using data on adjusted net savings and sustainable development indices as proxies for sustainable development, the empirical analysis applies the Driscoll-Kraay standard error method which accounts for cross-sectional dependence. The results indicate that the relative size of agricultural exports has a positive effect on sustainable development while agricultural non-export production is found to contribute more to sustainable development than agricultural exports. Given agriculture's dominance and the agro-based export potential for these economies, the study recommends pro-agricultural export policies aimed at expanding agricultural exports over non-agricultural exports if the choice is between exporting agricultural commodities and exporting non-agricultural commodities. However, the import substitution strategy should be prioritized over the agricultural export promotion strategy when choosing between exporting agricultural commodities and producing for domestic consumption for higher sustainable outcomes.
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    Economics of Begging: A Critical Assessment of Socio-Economic Determinants of Begging in Nigeria
    (ILORIN JOURNAL OF ADMINISTRATION AND DEVELOPMENT, 2024-08-02) Biala, Musa; Odedokun, Matthew; Olatunji M. Shasi; Jimoh Sodiq O; Akande, Rashidat Sumbola; Abdulkareem, Hauwah K. K.; Shitu, Abdul Muftah
    The prevalence of begging is a social issue that is prominent mostly in urban areas of many countries. To comprehensively understand the problem of begging and tackle the issue at the policy level would require the knowledge of what motivates people to beg and how the supply of the activity responds to changes in the income of the participants. This study, therefore, examines the socio-economic determinants of begging and estimates the income elasticity of begging in Kwara State, Nigeria. A stratified random sampling technique was employed to gather data from 153 beggars in the 16 Local Government Areas of the Kwara State using questionnaire and face- to-face interview. The study employed the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) technique to analyze the data collected. Findings reveal that employment status, access to public goods, physical challenges, and hereditary factors were significant determinants of the duration of begging. Stable employment and access to essential public services were associated with a reduced reliance on begging while physical disabilities and a family history of begging were positively associated with prolonged begging. Further, we found a positive income elasticity of begging. The study concludes that begging is a complex socio-economic phenomenon, with individual and systemic factors jointly contributing to its persistence. It is recommended that policymakers focus on job creation targeting marginalised and vulnerable populations; disability pensions and employment support for the disabled; improved access to public goods such as quality education, healthcare, and infrastructure and commuunity-led initiatives aimed at the social and economic reintegration of beggars.
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    Examining the Effect of Government’s Social Expenditure on Unemployment in Nigeria
    (2024-06-04) Akande, Rashidat Sumbola; Aboderin, Kafayat O
    This study examines the effect of government social expenditures on unemployment in Nigeria from 1990 to 2022. Using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) method to analyse both the short- and long-run effects, the results revealed that population growth had a significant positive impact on unemployment, while education expenditure showed a positive but insignificant effect. Conversely, health and infrastructural expenditures demonstrated negative impacts on unemployment, suggesting that investment in these areas contributes to reducing unemployment. Based on these findings, it is recommended that policymakers increase public investment in the health sector and infrastructure. This could involve expanding healthcare infrastructure, enhancing funding for medical training programmes, and improving healthcare delivery systems. Furthermore, the government should prioritise and scale up infrastructure development projects, such as road construction, public transportation systems, and urban development initiatives. These projects have the potential to stimulate job creation across various sectors, including construction, maintenance, and management, thereby addressing unemployment and fostering economic development.
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    Finance–growthnexusand sustainabledevelopmentin West Africa
    (Emerald, 2024-01-04) Abdulkareem, Hauwah K. K.; Jimoh, Sodiq Olaiwola; Akande, Rashidat Sumbola
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    Financial Inclusion, Institutional Quality, and Poverty Reduction in Nigeria.
    (Kwasu, 2024-12) Akande, Rashidat Sumbola; Abdulkareem, Hauwah K. K.; Olohunlan, Amina
    Poverty alleviation remains a global challenge and at the fore front of the economic development of developing economies like Nigeria. Although it has been established in literature that financial inclusion is crucial for poverty reduction, few studies have examined the role of institutional quality as an important determinant of poverty reduction. Hence, this study examines institutional quality and financial inclusion on poverty reduction in Nigeria. The paper is anchored on the Capability Approach and adopts the Human Development Index (HDI) as a proxy for poverty reduction as it measures basic human capabilities. With time series data from 1987 to 2022 the VECM is employed as the estimation technique given the established long-run relationship obtained from the ARDL bounds test cointegration technique. Findings reveal that in the short run, financial inclusion and institutional quality are statistically significant and positive for poverty reduction. In the long run, however, these relationships become insignificant. This study, therefore, elucidates on the opposing directions of financial inclusion and poverty alleviation in the country with institutional quality also shown to be vital. Consequently, financial inclusion and institutional quality are found to be necessary, but insufficient conditions for poverty reduction. Hence, while financial inclusion and good institutions are important in the short run, long-term poverty alleviation strategies must be comprehensive and multi-sectoral in approach to complement, consolidate, and sustain the poverty reduction potentials of financial inclusion and high-quality institutions.
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    Impact of poverty reduction program of the kwara state government of nigeria on the beneficiaries
    (2013-03) Mustapha, Rafiu A.; Akande, Rashidat Sumbola; Jimoh, Sodiq Olaiwola
    Poverty reduction program and effort in Nigeria is as old as the country itself. In-spite of huge money the federal government, state government and local government expended on the program aimed at reducing the poverty rate in the country, poverty rate continue to increase. Hence, it is necessary to find out the impacts of the poverty reduction program on the poverty status of the beneficiaries. The study was empirically carried-out to assess the impact of poverty reduction program of the Kwara State government (Nigeria) on the beneficiaries employing Binary Logit Model (BLM). The study focused on the “KekeMaigida” (commercial tricycle) poverty reduction program and obtained data from 112 beneficiaries, using a structured questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed randomly (probability sampling method) in major commercial tricycles terminals in Ilorin metropolis. The study used both descriptive and inferential approach for the analysis. It was found that there is negative significant impact between income after, wealth before and wealth after the scheme, and household size of the beneficiaries. Therefore, the study concluded that poverty reduction program of the Kwara State (Nigeria) has impact on the beneficiaries. Then, the study suggested that the state government should extend the poverty reduction program to cover more youth in the state so as to reduce the poverty rate.
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    Informal Employment and Inequality: Implications for Migration in Sub-Saharan Africa
    (2025-03-18) Akande, Rashidat Sumbola; Abdulkareem, Hauwah K. K.; Jimoh, Sodiq Olaiwola; Nofiu, Taofeekat Temitope
    A sizable level of informal employment, often stemming from social disparities and limited economic opportunities, can have great implications for migration in Sub-Sahara Africa. Similarly, inequality, particularly unequal access to economic resources in the formal sector, can serve as a key driver for migration as people seek better opportunities. Therefore, this study investigates the individual impact of the size of informal employment and inequality on migration within the region by examining the individual effects of informal employment and inequality as well as their interactive effect on migration. Utilizing System GMM method of analysis, the study examined the data from 43 Sub-Saharan African countries from 2009 to 2022. The findings suggest that both informal employment and inequality positively influence migration flows in the region. Additionally, the analysis shows that the interaction between informal employment and inequality exerts a negative effect on migration flow.
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    Informal Sector and Financial Development in Sub-Saharan Africa
    (2023-12-08) Jimoh, Sodiq Olaiwola; Akande, Rashidat Sumbola; Abdulkareem, Hauwah K. K.; Jimoh, Odunayo Bidemi; Sulaimon, Taofikat Temitope; Yusuf, Toyin Yusuf; Adegboye, Israel; Usman, Aminat Mama
    Since a persistent increase is seen in the size of the informal sector and its continuous coexistence alongside the formal sector and institutional development, this study empirically examines the effect of informal sector size on the financial development in Sub-Saharan Africa for the period 1996-2019. The study represents financial market development by the financial market depth, which is regressed against informal sector size, growth rate of GDP, interest rate, trade openness, and institutional quality index. The study relied on the estimates of the Discroll-Kraay and IV-2LS. Results indicate that informality repressed financial development, while trade openness, growth rate of gross domestic product, interest rate, and institutional quality have a positive impact on financial development. It is therefore recommended for policymakers to reduce the size of informality to improve the financial sector.
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    Leaving No One Behind: Examining the effect of financial, gender, and digital inclusion on sustainable development
    (2024-05-15) Abdulkareem, Hauwah K. K.; Jimoh Sodiq O; Nofiu, Taofeekat T.; Akande, Rashidat Sumbola
    This paper analyzes the effects of different dimensions of inclusion toward the attainment of sustainable development in 33 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries from the financial, gender, and technological perspectives between 2004 and 2021. This study employs the System Generalized Method of Moments given its ability to address potential endogeneity issues, capture the dynamic nature of relationships, and mitigate potential biases while adopting the Driscoll–Kraay standard errors for robustness check. Findings reveal two of the three measures of financial inclusion wield positive and significant effects on sustainable development while credit to the private sector is found to be detrimental. Also, all three measures of gender inclusion (female employment to population, female labor force participation rate, and the number of women holding a seat in parliament) positively influence sustainable development. Contrastingly, the coefficients of digital inclusion (mobile phone sub- scription and internet usage) were revealed to be harmful to sustainable development in SSA. This paper advocates for increased financial inclusion through financial liter- acy, customized financial products, and gender-sensitive financial services. Pertinent are gender policies that address gender norms in addition to the enactment, avowed commitment, and support for affirmative action toward closing gender gaps across all sectors and at all levels.
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    Regulatory Efficiency and Informal Economy: Impact on Tax Revenue in West Africa
    (Afropolitan Publisher UI, 2025) Akande, Rashidat Sumbola; Hammed, Olalekan A.; Shitu, Abdul M.; Yusuf, Yusuf T.
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    THE EFFECT OF STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION ON SOCIO- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA.
    (Kwara State University, 2024-12-18) Akande, Rashidat Sumbola
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    The impact of Exchange Rate on Industrial Output in Nigeria
    (2017-03-04) Akande, Rashidat Sumbola; Jimoh, Sodiq Olaiwola; Mustapha Rafiu
    Keywords: Exchange rate, Inflation, Money supply, Monetary policy
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    The paradox of regional integration and sustainable development: perspectives from West Africa
    (2023-12-18) Jimoh, Sodiq Olaiwola; Akande, Rashidat Sumbola; Abdulkareem, Hauwah K. K.
    Although opportunities abound for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with regional integration, West Africa has not been able to fully harness the potential gains of regional integration. This study examines the extent to which regional integration drives sustainable development in West African countries from 1980 to 2019. This study specifies a Cobb-Douglas-type production function that expresses output as a function of capital and labour, which is augmented with trade integration. Adopting the dynamic common correlation effects (DCCEs) method as the estimation technique, results show that labour and capital stock have a significant positive impact on sustainable development, while trade integration is found to have a negative impact on sustainable development. Although the result is contrary to expectations, it reflects the current reality of the state of regional trade in the region, as well as the attendant slow progress in the achievement of SDGs.
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    Trade and Sustainable Development: The Nigeria-China Experience
    (2024-04-18) Abdulkareem, Hauwah K. K.; Jimoh, Sodiq Olaiwola; Akande, Rashidat Sumbola
    The significance of Nigeria-China bilateral trade relations has evolved over the years in nature, scope, and impact, making it imperative for mainstream research to analyze its potential implications for sustainable development. This paper assessed the impact of Nigeria-China bilateral relations on sustainable development for both countries from 1980-2020. The Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model was used to evaluate how bilateral trade intensities influence sustainable development. Findings show that Nigeria’s export to China wields a positive and significant impact on Nigeria’s sustainable development while China’s export to Nigeria has a negative and significant impact on Nigeria’s sustainable development. Further findings reveal that Nigeria’s export to China does not have any significant impact on China’s sustainable development, while China’s export to Nigeria produced a positive and significant impact on China’s sustainable development. The paper concludes that while trade propels sustainable development, it can also be detrimental through over-reliance on imports and the employment of unsustainable trade practices. In terms of policy import, Nigeria needs to improve its value addition, product innovation, and production processes to improve product standards and international competitiveness. Furthermore, the Nigerian and Chinese governments should invest substantially in research and development of green transport modes for importation activities and ensure their commitment to the Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) to make the Nigeria-China trade relations holistically sustainable.