Browsing by Author "Agnes Joe Shaibu"

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    Awareness of Open Defecation Practice and Enclosed Toilet Use among Malete Residents in Kwara State, Nigeria
    (2026-06) Semiu Bello; Agnes Joe Shaibu; Victor Olusegun Babatunde
    This study examined the level of awareness among residents of Malete community in Kwara State regarding open defecation practices. Open defecation, which the World Health Organisation and many nations including Nigeria have pledged to eliminate by 2030, remains a pressing global health and developmental challenge. The research examined the relationship between residents’ awareness of open defecation and their adoption of enclosed toilet systems. A survey of 230 respondents was conducted. The study found strong awareness and favourable disposition toward the use of an enclosed toilet systems in ending open defecation among the residents. Chi-square analysis yielded a value of 21.400 with 4 degrees of freedom and a p-value of 0.000, providing sufficient evidence that awareness significantly influences the use of enclosed toilet systems among Malete residents. The findings suggest that increased awareness, public enlightenment, and health education can substantially reduce open defecation practices in Nigeria and other developing countries. The study recommended that government and NGOs introduce subsidised toilet construction programmes to help households build enclosed systems.
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    Examining students’ perception of surveillance technology and its impact on privacy in educational institutions
    (2026) Agnes Joe Shaibu; Victor Olusegun Babatunde
    Purpose – The ubiquity of digital surveillance technologies is at the forefront of debates on balancing collective security while ensuring individual privacy. Ethical concerns of individual privacy, freedom and misuse are at the crux of ongoing global discourse, with the integration of artificial intelligence into surveillance further increasing the intrusive nature of these technologies. This study examined students’ perception of surveillance technology and its impact on privacy. Questions articulated from the problematic bordered around the level of awareness, perception on the impact of surveillance technology, attitude towards surveillance and beliefs in the regulation of surveillance in educational institutions among others. Design/methodology/approach – This study was premised on the pragmatic paradigm involving the integration of both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected from 450 respondents using a structured questionnaire. Findings – Findings revealed a significant association between students’ awareness of surveillance technologies and their frequency of observing them on campus (χ² = 47.80, df = 6, p < 0.001; mixed perceptions of privacy with most respondents (54.9%) feeling their privacy was moderately respected, a notable minority expressing concern over inadequate protection, and nearly a quarter (24.2%) reporting behavioural changes due to being watched; and a statistically significant positive relationship between trust in institutional data handling and confidence in data protection (ρ = 0.144, p < 0.01).The qualitative responses revealed that students acknowledged the usefulness of surveillance for safety, but insisted on clear boundaries regarding scope, usage and access. This study concluded that surveillance in education was a double-edged phenomenon that enhances safety and order but raised several challenges that called for deliberate governance strategies. It was recommended that educational institutions developed clear communication strategies on the use of surveillance technologies and accompany such with privacy protection policies. Originality/value – The findings contribute to academic debates on digital ethics, governance and the balance between security and privacy in learning environments, while offering actionable recommendations
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    Re-examining Ethical Issues in Covering Conflict and Violent Events
    (2015) Agnes Joe Shaibu; Victor Olusegun Babatunde
    Violence is as old as man and it is inevitable in any human environment, although the nature of violence differs from society to society. Violent events range from disasters – natural or man-made, religious and ethnic rivalry, crime, insurgency – to all other forms of tragic occurrences that affect the natural order of the society. Thus, it could be said that there is no known society world over that is not prone to violence. This is however a subject of further intellectual debate.