Scholarly Publication

Permanent URI for this collection

https://kwasuspace.kwasu.edu.ng/handle/123456789/2027

Browse

Now showing 1 - 10 of 10

Biocomposites for aerospace engineering applications
(Elsevier, 2023) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
The need to replace synthetic-derived materials has increased significantly due to the recent advancements in natural fiber reinforced polymer composites in the automotive, gas and oil, construction, electronics, and aerospace industries. However, the widespread use of biomaterials has been limited by their poor flame retardant (FR) properties. There is an increased demand from automotive and aero space industries to produce environmentally friendly bio-based materials with non halogenated self-extinguishing properties. Studies have shown that enhancing the FR characteristics of biomaterials can increase their adaptability in aerospace indus try. This chapter focuses on the emerging technologies utilized for biocomposite, biopolymer, and biofiber production and their applications in the aerospace industry.
Cocos nucifera L. oil alleviates lead acetate induced reproductive toxicity in sexually-matured male Wistar rats
(J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacology de gruyter, 2021) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
Objectives: Lead primarily affects male reproductive functions via hormonal imbalance and morphological damagetothetesticulartissuewithsignificantalterationin sperm profile and oxidative markers. Though, different studies have reported that Cocos nucifera L. oil has a wide range of biological effects, this study aimed at investi gating the effect of Cocos nucifera L. oil on lead acetate induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty (20) sexually matured male Wistar rats (55–65 days) were randomly distributed into four groups (n=5). Group I (negative control)—distilled water orally for 56 days, Group II (positive control)—5 mg/kg bwt lead acetate intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days, Group III— 6.7 mL/kg bwt Cocos nucifera L. oil orally for 56 days and Group IV—lead acetate intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days and Cocos nucifera L. oil for orally for 56 days. Rats were sacrificedbydiethylether,afterwhichtheserum,testisand epididymis were collected and used for semen analysis, biochemical and histological analysis. Results: The lead acetate significantly increases (p<0.05) testicular and epididymal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, whileasignificantreduction(p<0.05)inspermparameters, organ weight, testosterone and luteinizing hormone was observed when compared with the negative control. The coadministration of Cocos nucifera oil with lead acetate significantly increases (p<0.05) testosterone, luteinizing hormone, sperm parameters and organ weight, with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in MDA levels compared with positive control. Histological analysis showed that lead acetate distorts testicular cytoarchitecture and germ cell integrity while this was normalized in the cotreated group. Conclusions: Cocos nucifera oil attenuates the deleterious effects of lead acetate in male Wistar rats, which could be attributed to its polyphenol content and antioxidant properties.
DERMATOGLYPHIC APPRAISAL OF MULTIPLE BIRTHS WOMEN IN IGBO-ORA AND OGBOMOSHO, SOUTH WEST, NIGERIA
(Anatomy Journal of Africa, 2020) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
The scientific study of epidermal ridges on the palms and toes is termed dermatoglyphics. Multiple births occur when more than one fetus results from a single pregnancy. This study is aimed at determining the relationship if any between multiple births and palmar flexion creases. Two hundred Igbo-Ora and one hundred Ogbomosho healthy and consenting adult female indigenes aged between 25-50 years were recruited and grouped into 4; group I consisted of multiple births women in Igbo Ora; group II consisted of single births women in Igbo-Ora; group III consisted of multiple births women in Ogbomosho; and group IV consisted of single births women in Ogbomosho. A total of 600 palms (Igbo-Ora n=400; Ogbomosho n=200) comprising of both hands were used in the study. Palm prints samples were obtained by asking the participants to wash their hands, towel dry them, after which they were stained with stamp ink pad and prints made on A4 paper in duplicates. Palm print patterns of 105 (Igbo-Ora) and 50 (Ogbomosho) women with multiple births were compared with 95 (Igbo-Ora) and 50 (Ogbomosho) women with single births. The percentage number of primary, P and intersection, I of palmar creases with complete transverse creases, C (PIC) 300 bilaterally was significantly greater (p < 0.005) in the hands of Igbo-Ora multiple births women (52.4 %) than their single births women (37.4%) while same trend was observed for Ogbomosho women although difference was statistically insignificant,(p > 0.005). In both Igbo-Ora and Ogbomosho women, PIC 310 bilaterally was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) in both hands of single births women than the multiple births women. Hence, dermatoglyphics can be said to have relationship with a woman’s tendency to giving birth to multiples.
Immobilised tannin: Efficient trap for nickel and lead ions in aqueous solution
(Environmental Challenges - ELSEVIER, 2021) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
Quantity of water is a major concern, but the quality is of more urgent concern due to heavy metal pollution. In this study, the focus was to develop adsorbents (tannin resin (TR) and iron-doped tannin resin (Fe-TR)) from invasive Acacia mearnsii for Pb 2 + and Ni 2 + in solution. The developed TR and Fe-TR were prepared directly by crosslinking and iron-grafting; respectively with thermal stable at ≤ 350 °C. Surface functionality analysis revealed the presence of chelating groups at ≈ 1688 and 3661 cm − 1 . The crystallite sizes of the adsorbents were smaller compared to tannin; however, the % carbon and nitrogen were significantly higher. Also, the Brunauer Emmet–Teller study revealed that iron-grafting of tannin after crosslinking increases the surface area, pore volume and pore size. Furthermore, the surface morphology of adsorbents indicated a well-defined structure with the formation of a whitish deposit and rough lump-like after ion uptake. Both adsorbents showed a type II isotherm with adsorption capacities of 40.650 mg/g and 13.763 mg/g for Pb 2+ and 120.63 mg/g and 110.74 for Ni 2 + ion by TR and Fe-TR; respectively. The absorbate-adsorbent interactions were observed to be endothermic with negative and positive Gibb’s free energy values for the adsorption of Pb 2 + and Ni 2 + ; respectively. The adsorption kinetics of Ni 2 + is governed by several models; however, Pb 2 + interaction is regulated by Pseudo-second-order model. Furthermore, the data generated offered the possibility of both chemisorption and physisorption processes; highlighting the flexibility and multifunctionality of tannin traps for the erasure of ion impurities in wastewater.
Increase in SARS-CoV-2 infected biomedical waste among low middle-income countries: environmental sustainability and impact with health implications
(J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacology - de gruyter, 2021) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
Studies have shown that severe acute respira tory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly in fectious disease, withglobaldeathsrisingtoabout360,438 as of 28 May 2020. Different countries have used various approaches such as lockdown, social distancing, mainte nanceofpersonalhygiene, andincreasedestablishmentof testing andisolationcenterstomanagethepandemic.Poor biomedical waste (BMW) management, treatment, and disposaltechniques,especiallySARS-CoV-2infectedBMW, maythreaten the environmental and public health in most developing countries and, by extension, impact the eco nomic status of individuals and the nation at large. This mayincreasethepotentialforthetransmissionofair/blood body fluid-borne pathogens, increase the growth of micro organisms, risk of mutagenesis, and upsurge of morevirulent strain. In contrast, uncontrolled substandard burning could increase the potential spread of nosocomial infection and environmental exposure to toxic organic compounds, heavy metals, radioactive, and genotoxic bio-aerosols which might be present in the gaseous, liquid, and solid by-products. The paucity of understanding of pathophysiology and manage ment of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has also necessitated the need to put in place appropriate disposal techniques to cater for the sudden increase in the global demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) and pharmaceutical drugs to manage the pandemic and to reduce the risk of preventable infection by the waste. Therefore, there is a need for adequate sensitization, awareness, and environmental monitoring of the impacts of improper handling of SARS-CoV-2 infected BMWs.Hence,this review aimed to address the issues relating to the improper management of increased SARS-CoV-2 infected BMW in low middle-income countries (LMICs).
Modulatory Role of Vitamin E on Proton Pump (ATPase) Activity of Cadmium Chloride-Induced Testicular Damage in Wistar Rats
(Hindawi BioMed Research International, 2021) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
Proton pumps are membrane-bound enzymes important in generating gradients that help in maintaining cellular ion homeostasis, cell membrane potential, water, and solute transport across the cell surface. This study investigated the modulatory role of vitamin E on proton pump activity and reproductive parameters in cadmium-induced testicular damage. Twenty (20) male Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 200g were sorted into 4 groups of five rats each. Group I served as the control and was given normal saline orally, Group II rats were treated with a single dose of 2mg/kg BW cadmium chloride (CdCl2) intraperitoneally, Group III rats were given 100mg/kg BW of vitamin E orally, and Group IV rats were given 100mg/kg BW of vitamin E orally for 30 days prior to intraperitoneal administration of single dose of 2mg/kg BW of cadmium chloride. The rats were anaesthetized with diethyl ether, and blood samples were obtained for sex hormonal analysis; caudal epididymis was dissected for sperm count, motility, and viability, and the testis were homogenized for lipid peroxidation and proton pump (Na+/K+ ATPase, Ca2+ ATPase, and Mg2+ ATPase) activity. Proton pump activity was assayed spectrophotometrically using the Stewart method to determine the inorganic phosphate level. Histopathological changes of the testis were also studied. The group treated with CdCl2 showed a significant (p <0:05) decrease in proton pump activity, sperm count, and motility and a significant (p <0:05) increase in malondialdehyde level when compared with the control group. The CdCl2-treated group also showed decrease reproductive organ weights and hormonal levels and cause necrosis of spermatogonia lining the seminiferous tubules. Rats treated with vitamin E orally for 30 days prior to CdCl2 exposure showed improvement in proton pump activity, a significant (p<0:05) increase in sperm parameters and luteinizing hormonal level, and a decrease in the lipid peroxidation level as compared with the CdCl2 group. This study showed that vitamin E ameliorated the toxic effect of CdCl2 on proton pump activity in the testes, hence improving testicular integrity, structures, and functions.
Ovarian odorant-like biomolecules in promoting chemotaxis behavior of spermatozoa olfactory receptors during migration, maturation, and fertilization
(Middle East Fertility Society Journal, 2021) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
Background: Studies have shown that olfactory receptor genes are the largest in the human genome, which are significantly expressed in olfactory and non-olfactory tissues such as the reproductive systems where they perform many important biological functions. Main body: There is growing evidence that bioactive metabolites from the ovary, follicular fluid, and other parts of the female reproductive tract signal the sperm through a series of signal transduction cascades that regulate sperm migration, maturation, and fertilization processes. Several studies have highlighted the role of G-protein-coupled receptors in these cellular processes. Thus, we aimed to summarize the existing evidence describing the physiological role of most prominent exogenous and endogenous biomolecules found in the female reproductive organ in enhancing the chemotaxis behavior of spermatozoa during migration, maturation, and fertilization and also to elucidate the pathological implications of its dysfunctions and the clinical significance in human fertility. Short conclusion: In the future, drugs and molecules can be designed to activate these receptors on sperm to facilitate fertility among infertile couples and use as contraceptives.
Synthesis and characterisation of steroidal inhibitors of-amylase,-glucosidase and oxidative species
(Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2019) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
BACKGROUND:Management of cellular metabolism and blood glucose levels are significant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and oxidative diseases. Consequently, steroid and peptide hormone-based drugs such as methylprednisolone and insulin have been the most effective and safe methods of treatment. OBJECTIVE: Our study investigated the digestive enzymes and oxidative species inhibitory potentials of seven derived biologically important steroids. METHODS: Syntheses of the steroidal inhibitors (SIs) were accomplished by functional group transformations. Char acterisation of SIs was achieved by spectroscopic techniques; followed by in-vitro enzyme and oxidative suppression studies. RESULTS: NMRdata revealed the presence of a steroid backbone, azomethine, carbonyl, and oxymethine peaks while the vibrational bands were further confirmed by the FTIR. The enzyme suppression activities of the SIs were influenced by the presence of histidine residue and free proton groups. However, the antioxidant activities were solely dependent on the free proton groups on the steroid backbone or the number of the histidine side chain. SIs [3, 4, and 6] exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on the enzyme activities compared to SIs [1, 2, 5, and 7], while a potent antioxidant activity was reported by SI [5]. CONCLUSIONS:Generally,SIswithhydroxyland-aminoacidfunctionalitieshaveastrongaffinityfor the enzymeactive site than the substrate; hence, the hydrolysis of the-1,4-glycosidic bonds of saccharide was hindered. In vivo administration of SIs [3, 4, and 6] should take into cognizance the suppression effect at doses ≤939.49 g/mL as well as the potential to induce abnormal bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates in the colon at high concentration.
Testis and blood-testis barrier in Covid-19 infestation: role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in male infertility
(J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2020 - DE GRUYTER, 2020) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
Abstract: Severeacuterespiratorysyndromecoronavirus2 (SARS- CoV-2) that causes COVID-19 infections penetrates body cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptors. Evidence shows that SARS-CoV-2 can also affect the urogenital tract. Hence, it should be given serious attention when treating COVID-19-infected male patients of reproductive age group. Other viruses like HIV, mumps, papilloma and Epstein–Barr can induce viral orchitis, germ cell apoptosis, inflammation and germ cell destruction with attending infertility and tumors. The blood-testis barrier (BTB) and blood-epididymis barrier (BEB) are essential physical barricades in the male repro ductive tract located between the blood vessel and semi niferous tubulesinthetestes.Despitethesignificantroleof these barriers in male reproductive function, studies have shown that a wide range of viruses can still penetrate the barriers and induce testicular dysfunctions. Therefore, this mini-review highlights the role of ACE2 receptors in pro moting SARS-CoV-2-induced blood-testis/epididymal bar rier infiltration and testicular dysfunction.
Toxicity studies of extract of African Mistletoe: Agelanthus Dodoneifolius Polh and Wiens in Rats
(Nigerian Biomedical Science Journal, 2020) Olugbemi T. Olaniyan
A different diseases such as circulatory and respiratory diseases, malaria, diabetes, hypertension and sterility. The sub-acute toxicity studies of water extract of Agelathus dodoneifolius was undertaken to assess its safety and tolerability profile in long term treatment. Sub-acute toxicity (21-days) studies with Agelathus dodoneifolius were done on rats to determine its consequences on food and fluid intake, body weight, heamatological, biochemical, and mortality. Rats treated with the extracts had progressive decrease in food, fluid intake and body weight which was significantly (P< 0.05) and highly significant (P< 0.01) different from control. The water extract increased both haematological and liver function indices significantly compare to the control. The renal function parameters were not significantly different in all the groups. These preliminary results suggest that water extract of Agelanthus dodoneifolius was likely to be non toxic. However, increase in liver enzymes will require further histopathological and chronic toxicity evaluation to confirm its safety.

Browse

Browsing Scholarly Publication by Author "Olugbemi T. Olaniyan"

Results Per Page

Sort Options