Embedded energy of on farm losses and energy analysis for maize production in Nigeria
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-07-30T09:03:38Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-07-30T09:03:38Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2014 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Food losses and wastages occur at different points in the food supply chains such as farm, processing, storage, transportation, food services and household. On farm losses are associated with the losses of embedded energy. Thus, embedded energy of on farm maize losses and general energy flow pattern was investigated. Primary and secondary data were used. Primary data was collected through multistage stratified random sampling of 40 maize growers while secondary data was obtained from yearly in-situ collection of agricultural data by agricultural agency in Nigeria. Therefore the analyzed and discussed input energy- output energy values were averages of data collected over the years. Total energy input and output were respectively quantified as 9502.17 and 33510.58 MJha-1. The input energy estimated was classified as industrial energy (84.38%), biological energy (15.62%), direct energy (31.14%) and indirect energy (68.86%). Energy efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy, net energy and agrochemical energy ratio were 3.53, 0.19 kgMJ-1, 5.28 MJkg-1, 24008.41MJha-1 and 60.1% respectively. The total embedded energy in the lost maize for the period of study was 6816.13MJ. The high loss of maize on Nigeria farm was an indicator for increased in embedded energy lost from 214.03-1995.53MJ. Year 2012 had the highest share of embedded energy loss (29.28%) followed by year 2011(28.46%), while lowest share of (3.14%) was estimated for the year 2000. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://kwasuspace.kwasu.edu.ng/handle/123456789/1999 | |
| dc.title | Embedded energy of on farm losses and energy analysis for maize production in Nigeria |